Estimated hospitalizations attributable to Diabetes Mellitus within the public healthcare system in Brazil from 2008 to 2010: study DIAPS 79 / Hospitalizações atribuíveis ao diabete melito no sistema de saúde público do Brasil (2008 a 2010): estudo DIAPS 79

Objective: to estimate the number of hospitalizations attributable to diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications within the public healthcare system in Brazil (SUS) and the mean cost paid per hospitalization. Methods: the official database from the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH/SUS) was consulted from 2008 to 2010. The proportion of hospitalizations attributable to DM was estimated using attributable risk methodology. The mean cost per hospitalization corresponds to direct medical costs in nursing and intensive care, from the perspective of the SUS. Results: the proportion of hospitalizations attributable to DM accounted for 8.1% to 12.2% of total admissions in the period, varying according to use of maximum (self-reported with correction factor) or minimal (self-reported) DM prevalence. The hospitalization rate was 47 to 70.8 per 10.000 inhabitants per year. The mean cost per hospitalization varied from 1.302 Brazilian Reais (BRL) to 1,315 BRL. Assuming the maximum prevalence, hospitalizations were distributed as 10.3% as DM itself, 36.6% as chronic DM-associated complications and 53.1% as general medical conditions. Advancing age was accompanied by an increase in hospitalization rates and corresponding costs, and more pronounced in male patients. Conclusion: the results express the importance of DM in terms of the use of health care resources and demonstrate that studies of hospitalizations with DM as a primary diagnosis are not sufficient to assess the magnitude of the impact of this disease. .

Objetivo: estimar o número de hospitalizações atribuíveis ao diabete melito (DM) e suas complicações no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) brasileiro e avaliar o valor médio pago por hospitalização. Métodos: foram consultados bancos de dados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS), no período de 2008 a 2010. As proporções de hospitalizações atribuíveis ao DM foram estimadas por meio da metodologia do risco atribuível. O custo médio por hospitalização correspondeu aos custos diretos médicos em enfermaria e tratamento intensivo, sob a perspectiva do SUS. Resultados: hospitalizações atribuíveis ao DM corresponderam a 8,1 a 12,2% do total de internações no período, variando de acordo com a utilização de prevalência máxima (autorreferida com fator de correção) ou mínima (autorreferida) para DM. A taxa de hospitalização foi de 47 a 70,8 por 10 mil habitantes por ano. O custo médio por hospitalização variou de R$ 1.302 a R$ 1.315. Assumindo-se a prevalência máxima, as hospitalizações se (*) Fractions attributable to chronic complications and general medical conditions calculated based on the self-reported prevalence from the VIGITEL survey (**) Fractions attributable to chronic complications and general medical conditions calculated based on the self-reported data expended to include the undiagnosed distribuíram em 10,3% como DM propriamente dito, 36,6% associadas às complicações crônicas do DM e 53,1% atribuídas a condições médicas gerais. O avanço da idade foi acompanhado pelo aumento nas taxas de hospitalizações e nos custos médios correspondentes, sendo mais acentuado nos pacientes do gênero ...

Costos directos de atención médica en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en México: análisis de microcosteo / Direct costs of medical care for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Mexico micro-costing analysis

OBJETIVO: Estimar los costos directos de la atención médica a pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) en el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS). MÉTODOS: Se revisaron expedientes clínicos de 497 pacientes que ingresaron a unidades de segundo y tercer nivel de atención durante el período 2002-2004. Los costos se cuantificaron utilizando el enfoque de costeo de enfermedad (CDE) desde la perspectiva del proveedor, la técnica del microcosteo y la metodología de abajo-arriba (bottom-up). Se estimaron costos promedio anuales de diagnóstico, por complicación y total de la enfermedad. RESULTADOS: El costo total anual de los pacientes con DM2 para el IMSS fue de US$452 064 988, correspondiente a 3,1 por ciento del gasto de operación. El costo promedio anual por paciente fue de US$3 193,75, correspondiendo US$2 740,34 para el paciente sin complicaciones y US$3 550,17 para el paciente con complicaciones. Los días/cama en hospitalización y en unidad de cuidados intensivos fueron los servicios con mayor costo. CONCLUSIONES: Los elevados costos en la atención médica a pacientes con DM2 y complicaciones representan una carga económica que las instituciones de salud deben considerar en su presupuesto, a fin de poder brindar un servicio de calidad, adecuado y oportuno. El empleo de la metodología de microcosteo permite un acercamiento a datos reales de utilización y manejo de la enfermedad.

OBJECTIVE: Estimate the direct cost of medical care incurred by the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social) for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). METHODS: The clinical files of 497 patients who were treated in secondary and tertiary medical care units in 2002-2004 were reviewed. Costs were quantified using a disease costing approach (DCA) from the provider's perspective, a micro-costing technique, and a bottom-up methodology. Average annual costs by diagnosis, complication, and total cost were estimated. RESULTS: Total IMSS DM2 annual costs were US$452 064 988, or 3.1 percent of operating expenses. The annual average cost per patient was US$3 193.75, with US$2 740.34 per patient without complications and US$3 550.17 per patient with complications. Hospitalization and intensive care bed-days generated the greatest expenses. CONCLUSIONS: The high cost of providing medical care to patients with DM2 and its complications represents an economic burden that health institutions should consider in their budgets to enable them to offer quality service that is both adequate and timely. Using the micro-costing methodology allows an approximation to real data on utilization and management of the disease.